Lab 5.6.1 Reflection

For Lab 5.6.1 by reading the information on the lab i was able to learn that the config isn't the only way of solving IP routing problems. You can also use the Cisco Internetwork Operating system command line interface to solve problems on the local area network(which will be showed in later packet tracer labs). I also learned that the inspecting tool can be used to examine the routing table in packet tracer. I was also able to learn how to configure a route using a GUI(Graphic User Interface). I would have to configure the router with address and subnet mask as 0.0.0.0, and also the next hop as 10.10.6. This configuration  would make any packet that came from the LAN would be directed towards the R1-ISP Router. The most important thing that i learned from this lab which was a on going problem through the other labs was the reason why a added PDU would always fail the first time to the extent where you would have to press the "fire" button to resend it. The problem was that the ARP table were not yet populated.

Reflection questions:
The data that a IP packet can contain is things from the destination IP address, source address, Protocols etc.
What is meant by the phrase the "IP packet has been routed" means that it has traveled through the network and reached the destination. A route is a pathway in which packets travel through. These routes can be configured based on the best possible way to send the packets to the user's wishes. The places where things go wrong could be from the routes to even the devices. If devices or routes aren't configured correctly than packets would either never be sent or on the most likely be lost or dropped.

Lab 4.6.1 Reflection

This lab I wasn't able to get up to but by reading all the tasks i understood what information i would have gotten out of it. This lab has the same addressing table as the previous labs before. So in terms of ip address, interface, subnet mask, and gateway all the configurations have remained the same. the only thing that did change was the server. There is a new IP address, and default gateway. Just like the previous lab task 1's main focus is on repairing and testing the topology. It tells me that adding a simple PDU would appear in the PDU list window as part of  "scenario 0". By than pressing  the "Fire" button in the PDU list window would send the test ping a second time to the point where it will this time be successful. One thing that i learned from this lab is that by event  filter being set to display DNS, UDP, HTTP, TCP, and IMCP and than opening a web browser from the desktop of computer 1A and finally typing the URL eagle-server.example.com in combination with the use of capture/foward button will show me the interaction between the DNS, UDP, HTTP, and TCP.

Reflection Question: comparing and contrasting DNS, HTTP, UDP, TCP
DNS: Domain Name System which is a naming system for computers, services etc.
HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol which is a networking protocol for web pages.
UDP: User Datagram Protocol is a transport layer protocol that runs on top of ip networks.
TCP: Transmission Control  Protocol similar like the UDP which is one of the main protocols used for the internet protocol suite(Also a transport layer protocol).

Lab 3.5.1 Reflection

In lab 3.5.1 i was able to easily set up the topology given since the addressing table's have been the same for three consecutive labs so far. For task 1 i was able to configure the necessary devices with IP, subnet mask. default gateway, etc. I connected eagle server to the  R1-ISP from the Fa0/0 port .I added a simple PDU but just like the previous lab the packet had problems going to the routers. It eventually went to the eagle server but failed there as well. Based on the lab what should of happened was that the simple PDU should of appeared in the PDU list window as part of "Scenario 0".  I understand that the first time i were to send the the one shot ping message that it would fail because of the ARP(Address Resolution Protocol). By clicking on the fire button(which is in the PDU list window) will send the packet a second time which will be successful .  Base on the question on the reflection what happens when you type a Url into a browser and a webpage comes back is that the client requests information from the server in whcih the server accepts and sends information back in the form of a webpage based on the requested URL .The type of client/server interaction that is present is that the client Pc-PT 1b is requesting information from the Server in which the server will accept the the request and act accordingly.

Lab 2.7.1 Reflection

In this this lab we used packet tracer to set up another network. The topology diagram showed us a basic set up of how it is suppose to turn out.  I was able the set up the network and configure all the devices correctly as the lab suggested me to. But for some reason there was still problems with the pack simulation. As the packets traveled to the other devices once it got to the router it would show an "X" on the packet meaning most likely that there was a problem with the packet being sent to the router. This occurred when i added the simple PDU as a test message from computer 1b to the eagle server. It failed to even go past the router for some unknown reason. What would happen if it was successful the packet would have appeared in the event list as a packet that was "detected" or "sniffed". Task 3 told me to switch to simulation mode in  which i would able to examine the packet in each step as it went through each device. In task 4 it told me to experiment a little with topology given. I was able to progress more than the previous set up and as a result was able to get a better understanding of what this lab wanted to teach me.

hand out #1

1.) The way in which the video relates to me and the class is that it has to do with computing. TO be more specific programming. I found the video to be very interesting since the kid was so young and yet was still able to come up with an idea and follow through with it.

2.) This is a good reflection of self discipline because the kid in the video is so young but is smart and disciplined enough to go through with making an app. Many teenagers can learn from this adolescent because not many teens and kids are as disciplined as him to be this professional and such a young age. It also takes commitment and dedication and goes for show that anything is possible.

3.) I personally think that both this subject and creating an app are difficult in their own way. Like the kid said in the video creating a program could be hard. The reason why is because you have limited resources. You can't really ask your parents because the odds of them knowing is very slim. You can always go on the internet, but you could be either charged, but if you find the information needed you wouldn't really have someone to ask for help with if you got a problem with how you're writing your program. Cisco is also difficult because you don't just have to know things through software but also on a hardware level. Especially when  your troubleshooting problems in a network. You would have to go up the layers troubleshooting to see in which layer the problem originated from, and when finally finding it fixing it. I think that Cisco is most likely a little harder than creating an app. With an app you are writing endless lines of code. You can most likely fix something easily if you make a mistake in making a app. But for Cisco for troubleshooting you need to look through on a software and hardware level in order to mediate a problem.

Lab 1.7.1 Reflection

 In lab 1.7.1 I learned a good set of interesting skills. Not only does packet tracer give me a virtual understanding of how to physically set up routers, switches, and servers. Not only was i supplied with a addressing table on how to configure  all the devices, but i would also be able to probably build on my self using a similar concept.  In packet tracer when putting devices on the screen you able to see that device's configuration. Packet Tracer also gives a wide variety  of different devices that you can add to the network.  There are so many ways of configuring theses devices that i'm pretty sure it can give you an understanding of any network out there. THe greatest thing that i learned is how complex a network can be, and also the number of possible things that can go wrong in a network from physical to virtual.

Second Marking Period Reflection

I am currently doing worst according to my GPA I am currently doing worst but not by that much. It says that i have a missing lab, but i am going to double check my folders to see if i handed it in because i am extraordinarily sure that i did lab 4.5.2. One way in which i can also boost my grade up is by participating more. To get my grade up as high as possible is by passing all the incoming work with flying colors until the end of the marking period. Victory Lies in preparation.

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Group Lab On Rack

During the lab on where we had to mount servers, routers etc. on the rack there a couple a things that didn't go so well. One of the biggest flaws was that their was a lack of leadership. I'm pretty sure that if someone took charge and gave correct orders to everyone else in the group things would of went much more smoothly. But also a lot more work could have been done. Still work was done and other devices were installed on the rack. One thing that went right was that everyone had a good understanding of how to plug-in devices on the rack, but the lack of leadership to take charge and monitor how everyone was doing and give good instructions again was the biggest flaw.

What is UDP and how does it help the transport layer?

UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol. The UDP is similar to the TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) where it runs on top of the IP networks.  The way in which this protocol helps out the transport layer in doing its purpose is that it has the advantage of  providing for low overhead data delivery. the communication pieces when using the UDP is called datagrams. It makes the transport layers job much more easier since it has no connection establishment. Meaning does less steps than for example the TCP and transfers data much quicker. As a result, of transferring data much quicker it is a lot faster and makes the transport layers job run much more smoothly.

DHCP

DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol for assigning IP addresses to a device on the network. The way it works is that the client sends a broadcast request looking for a DHCP server to answer. the router then sends the message to the correct DHCP server. After that the server sends a request packet to let the server know that it is going to use the selected address. The final step is that the server sends a ACK (Acknowledgment Code) packet to the server to tell it that the client has been given an address for a certain period of time.

P2P, and Client/Server Network Models

One of the pros of a Peer to Peer network is that it is that you have is that the client provides resources including bandwidth, storage space etc. When more nodes(connection point)  star to pour in and demand increases the total capacity in other words the scalability. Since p2p is decentralized it increases the robustness and removes the so called "single point of failure". One big disadvantage of p2p is unsecure codes open the opportunity of remote access to files on a persons computer and can screw up the entire network.

The client/server network has a bunch of advantages in its favor. One of the best include centralization. Things like resources, data security, and important business information is all in and controlled by the server. There is also great scalability and flexibility. network elements can be upgraded when needed and any new technology that comes out can be easily added in. All the components for example the client, network, servers etc. all work together. Even though there is a lot of advantages there are still disadvantages. Like if the server goes down all the operations cease and are haulted until fixed. There are also things like network congestion which means that sometimes a link carries a lot of data and depending on the quality of service some problems include packet loss and blocking of other connections.

Task 3-4 lab 2.2.5

 The usefulness of trace route programs is that you are able to trace an ip address of a website for example. the you are even able to pinpoint its location on a digital map. Some trace route programs like ip-adress.org not only lets you trace other websites but also yourself. It also keeps tracks of how many "hops" it took from one machine to another to get to it's final destination. Traceroute is also very detailed listing the router's name, network, and geographical distance.

Programs like traceroute can also compromise someones network security. If you are able to pinpoint the ip address of some router you can use those things for bad things. one example is that personal information from the computer can be leaked or taken from them without hem knowing. You could even frame someone by using there ip address and if they get caught hacking for example they will trace it back to you r ip address and not the one who actually committed the crime. Traceroute can even list technical details. Someone could use this information to break into your computer and again take personal information to their advantage. Overall, in my opinion the traceroute is a interesting program but  can be used for crimes as well.